D Leadership and management

Written by Mahnoor Sheikh (ACCA)

اے سی سی اے · کاروبار اور ٹیکنالوجی · 9 سوالات

نام: ____________________ تاریخ: ____________

Which of these describes the difference between leadership and management?
- A Leaders only work in large companies
- B Leadership sets direction and inspires, while management plans, organises and controls resources
- C Managers do not make decisions
- D They mean exactly the same
Adair's action-centred leadership model is based on:
- A The price, product and place
- B Concern for people and for production
- C The needs of the task, the team and the individual
- D Hygiene and motivating factors
In Tuckman's model of team development, which stage comes after forming?
- A Norming
- B Storming
- C Adjourning
- D Performing
Which writer is known for describing nine team roles?
- A Handy
- B Belbin
- C Tuckman
- D Herzberg
According to Herzberg, which of these is a hygiene factor?
- A Responsibility
- B Achievement
- C Working conditions
- D Recognition
Maslow's hierarchy has which need at the top?
- A Safety
- B Physiological
- C Self-actualisation
- D Esteem
McGregor's Theory Y assumes that people:
- A Dislike work and need close control
- B Work only for pay
- C Seek responsibility and can direct themselves
- D Cannot be trusted
Which of these is a stage of the training process?
- A Dismissing underperforming staff
- B Setting the budget for the next year
- C Paying a bonus
- D Identifying training needs
Which of these is a barrier to effective appraisal?
- A Regular feedback
- B Clear objectives
- C A lack of trust between the manager and the employee
- D A written record

جوابی کلید

1. B, 2. C, 3. B, 4. B, 5. C, 6. C, 7. C, 8. D, 9. C

The two are related but different.
Adair balances task, team and individual needs.
The stages are forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning.
Belbin described the roles needed in a balanced team.
Hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate. Achievement and recognition are motivators.
The order is physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualisation.
Theory X is the opposite view.
Training starts by identifying needs, then sets objectives, designs, delivers and validates.
Without trust, appraisal is not honest or useful.