Home / Notes / Class 12 / Economics

Class 12 Economics notes

Written by Dr. Ahmed Raza (Economics)

Chapter notes with key points, definitions, short questions and model answers. Each chapter links to practice questions.

Chapter notes

National income and its measurement

GDP, GNP and NNP, the three methods of measuring national income, nominal and real GDP, per capita income and the circular flow of income. Chapter notes

Money and banking

The functions of money, the problems of barter, the central bank and commercial banks, credit creation and the quantity theory of money.

Class 12 Economics practice questions