Home / Practice / Class 11 / Economics / Scarcity, choice and opportunity cost
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12 Class 11 Economics questions with answers and explanations.
Printable worksheet with answer key
Scarcity means that:
Correct answer: resources are limited compared with wants
Scarcity is the shortage of resources in relation to unlimited wants.
The opportunity cost of a choice is:
Correct answer: the next best alternative given up
Opportunity cost is the value of the best alternative that is given up.
Which one is NOT a factor of production?
Correct answer: Money
The factors of production are land, labour, capital and enterprise. Money is not a factor in this sense.
The reward for labour is:
Correct answer: wages
Labour earns wages. Land earns rent, capital earns interest and enterprise earns profit.
The reward for land is:
A point inside the production possibility curve shows:
Correct answer: unemployed or wasted resources
Inside the curve the economy is producing less than it could with its resources.
An outward shift of the production possibility curve shows:
Correct answer: economic growth
More resources or better technology allow more output of both goods.
Which of the following is a basic economic problem?
Correct answer: What to produce
Every society must decide what, how and for whom to produce.
An economy in which the government owns the resources and makes the decisions is called:
Correct answer: a planned economy
In a planned or command economy the government decides what, how and for whom to produce.
The study of the whole economy, such as national income and inflation, is:
Correct answer: macroeconomics
Macroeconomics looks at the economy as a whole.
Which statement is a positive statement?
Correct answer: Petrol prices rose by 5 % last month.
A positive statement can be checked against facts. The others contain opinions.
A farmer uses land to grow wheat instead of rice. The rice that could have been grown is the:
Correct answer: opportunity cost
The rice is the next best alternative given up, so it is the opportunity cost.