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Gases, rates and equilibrium

Written by Dr. Ayesha Nadeem (Chemistry)

10 ECAT Chemistry questions with answers and explanations.

Printable worksheet with answer key

All questions with answers
  1. What volume does 1 mole of an ideal gas occupy at 273 K and 1 atm?

    • 1 11.2 L
    • 2 24 L
    • 3 22.4 L
    • 4 1 L
    Show answer

    Correct answer: 22.4 L

    The molar volume of an ideal gas at 273 K and 1 atm is 22.4 litres.

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  2. According to Boyle's law, if the pressure of a gas is doubled at constant temperature, its volume:

    • 1 Doubles
    • 2 Stays the same
    • 3 Becomes four times
    • 4 Halves
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    Correct answer: Halves

    At constant temperature, pressure times volume is constant, so doubling the pressure halves the volume.

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  3. For a first order reaction, the half-life:

    • 1 Is independent of the starting concentration
    • 2 Depends on the starting concentration
    • 3 Is zero
    • 4 Doubles each half-life
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    Correct answer: Is independent of the starting concentration

    The half-life of a first order reaction is 0.693 / k, which does not depend on concentration.

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  4. Which is the expression for Kc of the reaction N2O4 <-> 2NO2?

    • 1 [N2O4] / [NO2]^2
    • 2 [NO2]^2 / [N2O4]
    • 3 [NO2] / [N2O4]
    • 4 [NO2]^2 x [N2O4]
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    Correct answer: [NO2]^2 / [N2O4]

    Kc is products over reactants, with each concentration raised to the power of its coefficient.

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  5. In a buffer solution, pH = pKa when:

    • 1 [A-] equals [HA]
    • 2 [HA] is zero
    • 3 [A-] is twice [HA]
    • 4 The solution is neutral
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    Correct answer: [A-] equals [HA]

    By the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, pH = pKa + log([A-] / [HA]), and the log term is zero when the two are equal.

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  6. Hess's law says that the enthalpy change of a reaction:

    • 1 Is always negative
    • 2 Depends on the path taken
    • 3 Is the same whether it takes place in one step or several
    • 4 Depends only on the catalyst
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    Correct answer: Is the same whether it takes place in one step or several

    Enthalpy is a state function, so only the starting and final states matter.

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  7. Which solution has the highest boiling point at the same molality?

    • 1 Urea
    • 2 Glucose
    • 3 Sodium chloride
    • 4 Calcium chloride
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    Correct answer: Calcium chloride

    Boiling point elevation depends on the number of particles. CaCl2 gives three ions, NaCl gives two, and glucose and urea do not ionise.

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  8. At constant temperature, if the pressure of a gas is doubled its volume becomes:

    • 1 Double
    • 2 One quarter
    • 3 Unchanged
    • 4 Half
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    Correct answer: Half

    Boyle's law: pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

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  9. The volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at STP is:

    • 1 22.4 dm³
    • 2 24 dm³
    • 3 1 dm³
    • 4 11.2 dm³
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    Correct answer: 22.4 dm³

    This is the molar volume at standard temperature and pressure.

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  10. The number of moles in 4 g of NaOH is: (Na = 23, O = 16, H = 1)

    • 1 1
    • 2 0.4
    • 3 4
    • 4 0.1
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    Correct answer: 0.1

    Molar mass is 40 g/mol, so 4 ÷ 40 = 0.1 mol.

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