Organic chemistry

Written by Dr. Ayesha Nadeem (Chemistry)

MDCAT · Chemistry · 10 questions

Name: ____________________ Date: ____________

What is the IUPAC name of CH3CH2OH?
- A Ethanal
- B Propanol
- C Methanol
- D Ethanol
Which functional group is present in carboxylic acids?
- A -COOH
- B -CO-
- C -CHO
- D -OH
Alkenes mainly undergo which type of reaction?
- A Substitution only
- B Addition
- C Condensation only
- D Elimination only
How many structural isomers does butane (C4H10) have, including itself?
- A 4
- B 1
- C 2
- D 3
Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon produces:
- A Carbon dioxide and water
- B Carbon dioxide and hydrogen
- C Carbon monoxide and hydrogen
- D Carbon and water
Benzene mainly undergoes:
- A Free radical polymerisation
- B Addition reactions
- C Electrophilic substitution
- D Nucleophilic addition
Which reagent is used to test for unsaturation in an organic compound?
- A Lime water
- B Bromine water
- C Iodine in KI
- D Benedict's solution
What is the common name for CH3COCH3?
- A Acetic acid
- B Formaldehyde
- C Acetone
- D Methyl alcohol
Gentle oxidation of a primary alcohol, with the product distilled off as it forms, gives:
- A An aldehyde
- B An alkane
- C An ester
- D A ketone
Which of these is an alkyne?
- A C2H4
- B C2H2
- C C6H6
- D C2H6

Answer key

1. D, 2. A, 3. B, 4. C, 5. A, 6. C, 7. B, 8. C, 9. A, 10. B

Two carbons give the stem eth-. The -OH group gives the ending -ol, so the name is ethanol.
The carboxyl group, -COOH, is the functional group of carboxylic acids such as ethanoic acid.
The C=C double bond opens up easily, so alkenes react by addition, for example with bromine or hydrogen.
The two isomers are n-butane and 2-methylpropane (isobutane).
With enough oxygen, all the carbon becomes CO2 and all the hydrogen becomes H2O.
The delocalised ring of electrons is stable. Benzene keeps it and swaps a hydrogen for another group, which is substitution.
An unsaturated compound turns orange-brown bromine water colourless because bromine adds across the double bond.
CH3COCH3 is propanone, commonly called acetone. It is the simplest ketone.
Primary alcohols oxidise to aldehydes. Further oxidation, if the aldehyde stays in the mixture, gives a carboxylic acid.
Alkynes have the general formula CnH2n-2 and a carbon-carbon triple bond. C2H2 is ethyne.