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Logical deductions

Written by Bilal Siddiqui (Logical Reasoning)

MDCAT · Logical reasoning · 11 questions

Name: ____________________   Date: ____________

  1. All doctors are graduates. All graduates are educated. Conclusion: All doctors are educated. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A No, it does not follow
    • B It contradicts the statements
    • C Only some doctors
    • D Yes, it follows

  2. Some pens are books. All books are papers. Conclusion: Some pens are papers. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A No, it does not follow
    • B It contradicts the statements
    • C Yes, it follows
    • D All pens are papers

  3. All cats are animals. Some animals are wild. Conclusion: Some cats are wild. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A No, it does not necessarily follow
    • B No cat is wild
    • C All cats are wild
    • D Yes, it follows

  4. No bird is a mammal. All bats are mammals. Conclusion: No bat is a bird. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A Yes, it follows
    • B No, it does not follow
    • C It contradicts the statements
    • D Some bats are birds

  5. All A are B. No B is C. Conclusion: No A is C. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A Some A are C
    • B It cannot be tested
    • C No, it does not follow
    • D Yes, it follows

  6. Some roses are flowers. All flowers are plants. Conclusion: All roses are plants. Does the conclusion follow?

    • A No rose is a plant
    • B It contradicts the statements
    • C No, only some roses are known to be plants
    • D Yes, it follows

  7. All students are readers. Ali is a student. What follows?

    • A Ali may not be a reader
    • B All readers are students
    • C Ali is not a reader
    • D Ali is a reader

  8. If it rains, the match is cancelled. The match was not cancelled. What follows?

    • A It rained
    • B The match was played in the rain
    • C It did not rain
    • D Nothing can be said

  9. All doctors are graduates. Some graduates are teachers. Which conclusion must be true?

    • A No doctor is a teacher
    • B All teachers are doctors
    • C Some doctors may be teachers, but it is not certain
    • D All graduates are doctors

  10. All roses are flowers. All flowers need water. Which conclusion must be true?

    • A Some roses do not need water
    • B No rose is a flower
    • C All flowers are roses
    • D All roses need water

  11. No cat is a dog. All dogs are animals. Which conclusion must be true?

    • A No cat is a dog
    • B All animals are dogs
    • C Some cats are dogs
    • D All cats are animals

Answer key

1. D, 2. C, 3. A, 4. A, 5. D, 6. C, 7. D, 8. C, 9. C, 10. D, 11. A

  1. Doctors are inside the group of graduates, and graduates are inside the group of educated people, so doctors are inside educated people.

  2. The pens that are books must also be papers, because all books are papers. So some pens are papers.

  3. The wild animals may all be other animals, such as lions. The statements do not say that any cat is wild.

  4. Bats are mammals and no mammal is a bird, so no bat can be a bird.

  5. Every A is a B, and no B is a C, so no A can be a C.

  6. Only the roses that are flowers are known to be plants. The statements say nothing about the other roses.

  7. Ali belongs to the group of students, and every student is a reader.

  8. If rain always leads to cancellation, then no cancellation means there was no rain.

  9. The statements do not decide whether any doctor is a teacher.

  10. If roses are flowers and flowers need water, roses need water.

  11. Only the first statement is certain.