Portable fire-fighting equipment

Consider these factors when siting fire extinguishers:

• Extinguishers should normally be sited on escape routes on every floor, at what are called fire points.
• They should be fixed where they can be reached quickly. The best place is near a door leading to a place of safety, or near a specific fire risk.
• They should be fixed where they can be seen easily.
• Do not place them in places of extreme temperature, hot or cold.
• Mount units securely where intended users can see, reach and handle them, following the fire assessment, product instructions and applicable siting standard.
• Assess the actual walking route to suitable equipment for each risk, including doors and obstructions. Do not use one generic distance or mounting height as a worldwide rule. Specialist risks, such as burning metals, need specialist selection and advice.
• The method of operation should be similar for all extinguishers, where possible.
• The occupiers should be capable of handling all the types and sizes recommended.
• Where different types of extinguisher for different risks are sited together, they must be properly labelled to prevent confusion.

The England offices and shops guide recommends monthly visual checks and annual maintenance by a competent person. Use the applicable assessment, standard and manufacturer's instructions to set the checks for the actual premises. In general, the manufacturer's instructions tell you what to do to keep the extinguisher in good working order. After an extinguisher has been used, even partly, it must be recharged according to the manufacturer's instructions. Refer to the local legislation that applies about thorough inspection of extinguishers.

The people involved must be trained in fire safety. The training should include:

• the fire triangle
• types of fire
• types of fire extinguisher
• fire extinguisher features
• fire extinguisher operation
• fire extinguisher maintenance
• how to raise the alarm
• the emergency response plan

A simple fire code helps you decide whether to put the fire out or get out.

• On discovering the fire, raise the alarm immediately.
• Make sure you can escape if you need to, and never let a fire block your exit.
• Know what type of fuel is burning.
• Have the proper extinguisher to hand and know how to use it properly and safely.
• Evacuation must begin promptly under the site procedure. Only a trained person should consider tackling a small early-stage fire, with the correct equipment and a clear escape route. Withdraw immediately if there is doubt, smoke, spreading fire or any threat to escape; do not delay evacuation to keep trying.
• Ensure emergency services are called promptly according to the plan, alongside raising the alarm and evacuation. Do not wait for an extinguisher attempt to fail before arranging the call.

Summary notes for Element 10 · Cheat sheet · Glossary. A study aid, not published or endorsed by NEBOSH.