ہوم / مشق / اے سی سی اے / اسٹریٹجک پروفیشنل / AFM Treasury and advanced risk management
7 سوالات: اے سی سی اے اسٹریٹجک پروفیشنل، جوابات اور وضاحت کے ساتھ۔
جوابی کنجی کے ساتھ قابلِ پرنٹ ورک شیٹ
Spot is $1.10 per euro. US interest is 5 percent and euro interest is 3 percent. By interest rate parity, the one year forward rate is closest to:
درست جواب: $1.121 per euro
Forward = 1.10 x 1.05 / 1.03 = 1.1214. The currency with the higher interest rate trades at a forward discount.
A company with floating rate borrowing wishes to convert to fixed payments. It should enter an interest rate swap to:
درست جواب: Pay fixed and receive floating
Receiving floating offsets the floating interest on the loan, and paying fixed leaves the net cost fixed.
A company will borrow $10m in six months for six months. It uses three month futures contracts of $1m. The number of contracts is:
درست جواب: 20
10m / 1m x 6/3 = 20 contracts, sold to hedge a rise in rates.
Using a forward contract to hedge a currency receipt:
درست جواب: Fixes the rate and removes both the downside and the upside
An option gives the right but not the obligation, and costs a premium. A forward is binding.
An increase in the volatility of the underlying asset, other things equal, will:
درست جواب: Increase the value of both call and put options
More volatility increases the chance of a large favourable move, while the downside is limited to the premium.
Basis risk in hedging with futures is the risk that:
درست جواب: The futures price and the spot price do not move together exactly
Hedges using futures may be imperfect because the spot and futures prices can change by different amounts.
A company expects to receive $2m in three months. It is concerned the dollar will fall against its home currency. Which hedge could use money market borrowing?
درست جواب: Borrow dollars now, convert them to the home currency and repay with the receipt
The money market hedge converts the future receipt into a known home currency amount today.