7.1 Hazardous substances

Chronic health effects are those that:

• 1 Occur only in children
• 2 Appear immediately
• 3 Never cause harm
• 4 Develop slowly after repeated or long exposure

Which is a form of chemical agent?

• 1 Fumes
• 2 Radiation
• 3 Noise
• 4 Vibration

Which is a biological agent?

• 1 Bacteria
• 2 Cement
• 3 Carbon monoxide
• 4 Silica

A chemical agent in the form of fine solid particles floating in air is a:

• 1 Vapour
• 2 Liquid
• 3 Gas
• 4 Dust

Which of these is a biological agent?

• 1 A dust
• 2 A fume
• 3 A virus
• 4 A mist

Which of these is an acute health effect?

• 1 A chemical burn soon after contact
• 2 Cancer after decades
• 3 Silicosis after years of exposure
• 4 Lung scarring over many years

Which of these is a chronic health effect?

• 1 Silicosis after years of dust exposure
• 2 A headache an hour after exposure
• 3 A chemical burn on contact
• 4 Immediate eye irritation

Fumes are best described as:

• 1 A gas at room temperature
• 2 Liquid droplets in air
• 3 Solid particles formed when a vaporised metal cools
• 4 A fibre

A mist is made up of:

• 1 A gas
• 2 Solid particles
• 3 Liquid droplets suspended in air
• 4 Fibres

Which health hazard class covers substances that cause cancer?

• 1 Carcinogenicity
• 2 Skin corrosion
• 3 Acute toxicity
• 4 Aspiration hazard

Sensitisation means that:

• 1 The substance is flammable
• 2 The substance is a fibre
• 3 A person becomes allergic after exposure and reacts even to small amounts later
• 4 The substance is harmless

Germ cell mutagenicity refers to:

• 1 Damage to genes that may be passed on
• 2 Skin burns only
• 3 Hearing loss
• 4 Eye irritation only

Reproductive toxicity means the substance can:

• 1 Harm fertility or the unborn child
• 2 Cause noise
• 3 Burn the skin only
• 4 Cause radiation

Aspiration hazard relates to:

• 1 Liquid entering the lungs through the mouth or nose
• 2 Heat stress
• 3 Radiation exposure
• 4 Hearing loss

A substance that can cause burns to the skin on contact is classed under which health hazard?

• 1 Skin corrosion or irritation
• 2 Germ cell mutagenicity
• 3 Reproductive toxicity
• 4 Aspiration hazard